A REVIEW: ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE IN SOUTH ASIA

Abstract

Antibiotic resistance, which makes treating bacterial infections more difficult, is a major public health concern. South Asia is especially vulnerable because of poor antibiotic use, self-medication, inadequate infection control, and inadequate surveillance. This review looks at the data available on antibiotic resistance in Pakistan, Nepal, India, Bangladesh, Maldives, Sri Lanka, and Bhutan. According to the reviewed studies, important bacteria like Salmonella spp., Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp., and Staphylococcus aureus show notable resistance. Multidrug-resistant bacteria have been connected to aquaculture, food, livestock, healthcare, and environmental settings. One of the main causes of the emergence and spread of resistance in both humans and animals is the inappropriate use of antibiotics. Antimicrobial stewardship, laboratory monitoring, infection prevention, and appropriate antibiotic usage must all be strengthened. To lessen the increasing prevalence of antibiotic resistance in South Asia, a coordinated One Health approach, supported by regional cooperation and further research, is required.