A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW ON CYBER SECURITY

Abstract

Cybersecurity has emerged as a critical security concern in modern digital world due to the rapid growth of internet, internet-connected systems, rise in cloud computing, artificial intelligence and digital services. The increasing use of internet and information technology have resulted in an increase of cyber threats, malware, phishing, ransomware, data breaches, identity theft and denial of service attack which result in financial loss, privacy violations and operational disruption. The research reviews major cyber threats, their impact and commonly used strategies for mitigation of cyber threats. Cryptography and Zero trust are two strategies discussed to mitigate cyber threats. Cryptography is a method of protecting data from threats by using encryption. Cryptographic algorithms like AES, DSA, RSA have been discussed. Zero Trust is an approach to cybersecurity which follows the principle of “never trust, always verify,” requiring continuous authentication and authorization of users and devices.