EFFECTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON MARINE SPECIES MIGRATION IN THE ARABIAN SEA: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Abstract

The Arabian Sea is undergoing significant environmental transformations due to climate change, which include increasing sea surface temperatures, marine heatwaves, deoxygenation, and shifts in monsoon patterns. These alterations are anticipated to impact marine biodiversity and the functioning of ecosystems; however, existing scientific data is still scattered across various species, habitats, and geographical areas. This systematic review consolidates published studies on the effects of climate change in the Arabian Sea, pinpoints major environmental hotspots. It assesses critical data gaps that hinder ecological comprehension and evidence-based management. The review underscores notable deficiencies in long-term monitoring, species-specific studies, and regional cooperation, especially in the northern Arabian Sea. By outlining essential research priorities, this study offers a framework to enhance future marine biodiversity research, climate adaptation initiatives, and sustainable fisheries management in the area.