DIFFRACTION BY PERFECTLY ELECTRIC CONDUCTING (PEC) SLOT EMBEDDED NEAR ZERO INDEX (NZI) MATERIALS

Abstract

We present here an analytic theory which is developed for the electromagnetic diffraction from a perfect electic conductor (PEC) Slot embedded in near zero Material as host media. The diffracted field of a plane wave from a PEC slot placed in mu-near-zero (MNZ), epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) and mu and epsilon double-near-zero (DNZ). The problem was solved by using the Sommerfeld Green’s function and Fresnel Integral. . The scattering width is evaluated as a function of observation angle for various combinations of relative permittivity and permeability approaching zero, with incidence angles of 30^∘, 60^∘, and 90^∘. The physical mechanisms responsible for this enhancement are attributed to the increased phase velocity, reduced spatial phase variation, and energy funnelling effects in near-zero index media. The angular width of the diffraction peak narrows as the slot width increases, providing a tunable parameter for beam shaping. The numerical results have been compared with available literature and are found in good agreement.